What is squalene / shark liver oil, and is it sustainable?
Short answerShark liver oil is rich in squalene, alkylglycerols (AKGs) and some omega-3s, and is used for immune, skin and general wellness support. Evidence is limited and mixed. There's also a real sustainability concern — shark-derived squalene raises conservation issues — so many people prefer plant-derived squalene (from olives or sugarcane).
Shark liver oil is a traditional supplement, especially in parts of Asia and Scandinavia, built around three compounds: squalene, alkylglycerols (AKGs) and some omega-3 fatty acids.
What it's used for
- Immune support: AKGs are the compound most associated with shark liver oil's traditional immune reputation.
- Skin: squalene is a skin-identical lipid linked to hydration and antioxidant support.
- General wellness: the omega-3 fraction overlaps with fish oil benefits.
Two honest caveats
- Limited evidence: research is sparse and somewhat contradictory; some studies even flag contaminant concerns.
- Sustainability: shark-sourced squalene raises genuine conservation concerns, which is why plant-derived squalene (olive or sugarcane) is an increasingly popular, animal-free alternative.
If you take an omega supplement for the omega-3s specifically, see do fish-oil supplements work and choosing a quality oil.
This information is educational and is not medical advice. Dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease, and these statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. Talk to a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication or managing a health condition.